Mbiri yachitukuko cha crawler bulldozers
Trakitala yamtundu wa track (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti crawler dozer) idapangidwa bwino ndi American Benjamin Holt mu 1904. Inapangidwa poyika bulldozer yokweza munthu kutsogolo kwa trakitala yokwawa.Mphamvu panthawiyo inali injini ya nthunzi.Pambuyo pake, ma bulldozer amtundu wa crawler amayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya gasi ndi injini ya petulo adapangidwa bwino motsatizana, ndipo bulldozer blade idapangidwanso kuchokera ku kunyamulira pamanja kupita ku kukweza zingwe.
Benjamin Holt ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa Caterpillar Inc. ku United States.Mu 1925, 5Holt Manufacturing Company ndi CL Best Bulldozer Company anaphatikizana kupanga Caterpillar Bulldozer Company, kukhala kampani yoyamba padziko lonse yopanga zida za bulldozer.Mu 1931, gulu loyamba la ma bulldozers 60 okhala ndi injini za dizilo adagubuduza bwino pamzere wopanga.Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwaukadaulo, ma bulldozer onse amayendetsedwa ndi injini za dizilo, ndipo ma bulldozer ndi ma scarifiers onse amakwezedwa ndi masilinda a hydraulic.
Kuwonjezera pa ma buldoza amtundu wa crawler, ma buldozer alinso ndi timaguluta tofanana ndi matayala, amene anaonekera patapita zaka pafupifupi khumi kusiyana ndi ma buldoza amtundu wa crawler.Chifukwa chakuti ma buldoza amamatira bwino ndipo amatha kukopa chidwi kwambiri, kusiyanasiyana kwawo komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe amagulitsa kumaposa mabala a matayala kunyumba ndi kunja.
Padziko lonse lapansi, Caterpillar ndiye kampani yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yopanga makina omanga.Ma bulldozers ake oyendetsa amaphatikizapo 9 mndandanda wa D3-D11 yayikulu, yapakatikati ndi yaying'ono, yayikulu kwambiri ya D11 RCD, ndipo mphamvu ya injini ya dizilo imafika 634kw;Japan Kampani ya Komatsu idakhala yachiwiri, ndipo idangoyamba kuyambitsa ndikutulutsa bulldozer ya D50 crawler mu 1947.
Pali 13 mndandanda wa crawler bulldozers, kuchokera D21-D575, yaing'ono ndi D21, injini dizilo flywheel mphamvu ndi 29.5kw, yaikulu ndi D575A-3SD, injini dizilo flywheel mphamvu kufika 858kw, ndi bulldozer yaikulu mu dziko;Wopanga ma bulldozer ndi gulu la Germany Liebheer Group (Liebheer), omwe ma bulldozers onse amayendetsedwa ndi hydrostatic pressure.Patapita zaka zoposa khumi za kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, luso anapezerapo chitsanzo mu 1972, ndipo anayamba kupanga misa mu 1974. PR721-PR731 ndi PR741 hydrostatic pagalimoto crawler bulldozer, chifukwa cha malire a hayidiroliki zigawo zikuluzikulu, mphamvu zake pazipita ndi 295Kw pa. panopa, chitsanzo ndi PR751 migodi.
Opanga ma buldoza atatu omwe ali pamwambawa akuyimira mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa zokwawa padziko lapansi masiku ano.Opanga ena angapo akunja opanga ma bulldozers, John Deere, Case, New Holland ndi Deresta, alinso ndiukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wopanga.
Kupanga ma bulldozers ku China kudangoyamba kukhazikitsidwa kwa New China.Poyamba, ma bulldozer anaikidwa pa mathirakitala a ulimi.Ndi chitukuko cha chuma cha dziko, kufunikira kwa ma bulldozers apakati ndi akulu m'migodi ikuluikulu, malo osungira madzi, malo opangira magetsi ndi madipatimenti amayendedwe akuwonjezeka.Ngakhale kuti makampani opanga ma buldozer apakati komanso akulu m'dziko langa atukuka kwambiri, sanathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za chitukuko cha dziko.chosowa.
Kuti izi zitheke, kuyambira 1979, dziko langa lakhazikitsa motsatizana ukadaulo wopanga, mafotokozedwe atsatanetsatane, miyeso yaukadaulo ndi machitidwe azinthu zokwawa zokwawa kuchokera ku Komatsu Corporation yaku Japan ndi Caterpillar Corporation yaku United States.Chitsanzo cholamulidwa ndi zinthu zamakono za Komatsu mu 1980s ndi 1990s.
Kuyambira m'ma 1960 mpaka pano, chiwerengero cha opanga zoweta m'nyumba chakhala chokhazikika pafupifupi 4. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti zofunikira zogwirira ntchito za bulldozer ndizokwera komanso zovuta, ndipo kupanga kwakukulu kumafuna ndalama zambiri, kotero mabizinesi wamba sangayerekeze. kuika phazi mosavuta.Komabe, ndi chitukuko cha msika, kuyambira "Eighth Five-Year Plan", mabizinesi ena akuluakulu ndi apakatikati apakati anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito bulldozers nthawi yomweyo malinga ndi mphamvu zawo, monga Inner Mongolia No. 1 Machinery Factory, Xuzhou Loader Factory, etc., kukulitsa gulu lazamalonda la bulldozer.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, palinso mabizinesi ochepa omwe ayamba kuchepa chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino komanso zosowa za chitukuko cha msika, ndipo ena adachoka kale pamakampani.
Pakadali pano, omwe amapanga ma bulldozers apakhomo ndi awa:
Shantui Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Hebei Xuanhua Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Pengpu Machinery Factory Co., Ltd., Tianjin Construction Machinery Factory, Shaanxi Xinhuang Machinery Co., Ltd., Yituo Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. ., ndi zina.
Kuphatikiza pa kupanga ma bulldozer, makampani omwe tawatchulawa ayambanso kupondaponda pakupanga makina ena omanga.Mwachitsanzo, Shantui amapanganso zodzigudubuza mumsewu, ma graders, excavators, loaders, forklifts, etc.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-24-2022
