Zofukula wamba
Zofukula wamba zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: zofukula zamkati zoyendetsedwa ndi injini ndi zofukula zoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi.Pakati pawo, zofukula zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mapiri a hypoxia, migodi yapansi panthaka ndi malo ena oyaka komanso ophulika.
Malinga ndi kukula kwake kosiyanasiyana, zofukula zimatha kugawidwa kukhala zofukula zazikulu, zofukula zapakati ndi zofukula zazing'ono.
Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoyendera, zofukula zimatha kugawidwa kukhala zofukula zokwawa komanso zofukula zamawilo.
Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zopatsirana, zofukula zimatha kugawidwa kukhala zofukula zama hydraulic ndi zokumba zamakina.Zofukula zamakina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'migodi ina yayikulu.
Malingana ndi cholinga, ofukula akhoza kugawidwa kukhala ofukula, ofukula migodi, ofukula m'madzi, ofukula apadera, etc.
Malinga ndi ndowa, ofukula akhoza kugawidwa kutsogolo fosholo, backhoe, dragline ndi litenge fosholo.Mafosholo akutsogolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukumba zinthu pamwamba pa nthaka, ndipo ma backhoes amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukumba zinthu pansi.
1. Msana Mtundu wa nkhwawa wa nsana ndi womwe tauwonapo kwambiri, mobwerera pansi, kudula nthaka mokakamiza.Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofukula pansi pa malo ogwirira ntchito.Njira zoyambira zogwirira ntchito ndi izi: kukumba kumapeto kwa dzenje, kukumba m'mbali mwa dzenje, kukumba kwa mzere wowongoka, kukumba kokhotakhota, kusungitsa ngodya inayake, kukumba kozama kwambiri komanso kukumba kotsetsereka, ndi zina zambiri.
2. Wofukula fosholo wakutsogolo
The fosholo kanthu mawonekedwe a kutsogolo fosholo excavator.Makhalidwe ake ndi "kupita patsogolo ndi m'mwamba, kudula nthaka mokakamiza".Fosholo yakutsogolo imakhala ndi mphamvu yokumba kwambiri ndipo imatha kukumba dothi pamwamba pa malo oyimitsa.Ndikoyenera kukumba maenje owuma a maziko okhala ndi utali wopitilira 2m, koma makwerero okwera ndi otsika ayenera kukhazikitsidwa.Chidebe cha fosholo yakutsogolo ndi chachikulu kuposa chofufutira cha backhoe chofanana, ndipo chimatha kukumba zinthu zomwe zili ndi madzi osapitilira 27%.
Ku mitundu itatu ya dothi, ndi kugwirizana ndi galimoto dambo kuti amalize kukumba zonse ndi ntchito zoyendera, komanso akhoza kukumba lalikulu youma maziko maenje ndi zitunda.Njira yofukula ya fosholo yakutsogolo imachokera ku kusiyana pakati pa njira yofukula pansi ndi malo oyandikana nawo a galimoto yoyendera.Pali njira ziwiri zokumba ndi kutsitsa nthaka: kukumba kutsogolo, kutsitsa m'mbali;kukumba patsogolo, mmbuyo.Kutsitsa nthaka.
3. Chofufutira cha dragline
Ma draglines amatchedwanso draglines.Makhalidwe a kukumba kwake ndi: "kumbuyo ndi pansi, kudula nthaka pansi pa kulemera kwake".Ndioyenera kukumba dothi la Class I ndi II pansi pa malo oyimitsa.Pogwira ntchito, chidebecho chimaponyedwa kunja ndi mphamvu zopanda mphamvu, ndipo mtunda wokumba ndi waukulu kwambiri, ndipo malo okumba ndi kukumba kwakuya ndi kwakukulu, koma siwosinthasintha komanso molondola monga backhoe.Makamaka oyenera kukumba maenje akulu ndi akuya a maziko kapena kukumba pansi pamadzi.
4. Katengere ndi fosholo excavator
Grab excavator amatchedwanso grab excavator.Makhalidwe a kukumba kwake ndi: "molunjika mmwamba ndi pansi, kudula nthaka pansi pa kulemera kwake".Ndiwoyenera kukumba dothi la Class I ndi II pansi pa malo oyimitsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofukula maenje a maziko ndi ma caissons m'madera ofewa.Ndikoyenera makamaka kukumba maenje akuya ndi opapatiza, kukumba ngalande zakale, kukumba silt m'madzi, ndi zina zotero, kapena kukweza zinthu zotayirira monga miyala ndi slag.Pali mitundu iwiri ya migodi: ngalande yofukula mbali ya ngalande ndi poika malo.Ngati nthitiyo yapangidwa kukhala gululi, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pokweza midadada, matabwa, matabwa, ndi zina zambiri pabwalo la logi.
Full hydraulic azimuth excavator
Zofukula zambiri zamasiku ano ndizofukula za hydraulic azimuth.Zofukula za hydraulic zimapangidwa makamaka ndi injini, makina a hydraulic, zida zogwirira ntchito, zida zoyendera ndi kuwongolera magetsi.Dongosolo la hydraulic lili ndi pampu ya hydraulic, valve control, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic motor, pipeline, tank mafuta, ndi zina zotero.
Zofukula za hydraulic nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi magawo atatu: chipangizo chogwirira ntchito, kumtunda kwa thupi ndi kumunsi kwa thupi.Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake, imatha kugawidwa kukhala: chokwawa, mtundu wa tayala, mtundu woyenda, hydraulic wathunthu, theka-hydraulic, kuzungulira kwathunthu, kuzungulira kosakwanira, mtundu wamba, mtundu wapadera, mtundu wofotokozedwa, mtundu wa telescopic boom ndi mitundu ina.
Chipangizo chogwirira ntchito ndi chipangizo chomwe chimamaliza mwachindunji ntchito yofukula.Zimapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu: boom, ndodo ndi ndowa.Pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomanga, ofukula ma hydraulic amatha kukhala ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, monga kukumba, kukweza, kukweza, kusanja, zingwe, bulldozing, nyundo yamphamvu, kubowola mozungulira ndi zida zina zogwirira ntchito.
Chipangizo chowombera ndi kuyenda ndi thupi la hydraulic excavator, ndipo gawo lapamwamba la turntable limaperekedwa ndi chipangizo chamagetsi ndi njira yotumizira.Injini ndiye gwero lamphamvu la hydraulic excavator, yomwe ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a dizilo pamalo abwino, komanso amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mota yamagetsi m'malo mwake.
Ma hydraulic transmission system amatumiza mphamvu ya injini ku hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinder ndi ma actuators ena kudzera papampu ya hydraulic, ndikukankhira zochita za chipangizocho kuti amalize ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-11-2022
